Canada's retaliatory trade stance against 2025 US tariffs serves as case study for Brazil

Brazil is actively responding to US trade protectionism with a $3.6 billion industrial support package and considering a WTO dispute, while simultaneously enacting a new state-led industrial policy ('Brasil Soberano 3'). These actions signal a strategic pivot by Brazil to mitigate external trade pressures and bolster domestic industry, potentially impacting bilateral relations and global trade dynamics. The long-term efficacy of Brazil's strategy and the sustained nature of US protectionism remain key uncertainties.