25 Years of Post-9/11 US Wars: 4.5M Killed, 38M Displaced

A retrospective assessment on the 25th anniversary of 9/11 estimates that US-led wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, and elsewhere have caused at least 4.5 million deaths and displaced over 38 million people. The figures are cumulative and contested, with no single authoritative count. This underscores the long-term human and strategic costs of US military interventions, shaping current geopolitical discourse and policy debates.