Ukrainian grain export chain: costs, actors, and Polish opportunities amid war

An analytical report from Odessa and the Danube examines the Ukrainian grain export chain, highlighting how Russian aggression inflates costs and who controls sales. The piece underscores the strategic importance of grain for Ukraine's currency and for African and Middle Eastern food security, while noting potential commercial roles for Polish companies. The report is descriptive and forward-looking, with no new hard data or breaking developments.