Ethiopia: Federal Army Clashes with Rebel Groups Resume, 4 Years After Pretoria Deal

Fighting has resumed this week between Ethiopia's federal army and rebel groups, four years after the Pretoria Agreement ended the northern conflict in 2022. The scope and location of the clashes remain unclear, but the relapse signals a breakdown of the fragile peace. This matters because renewed internal conflict could destabilize the Horn of Africa and disrupt regional security dynamics.