Russia escalates hybrid attacks on NATO soil; alliance response tested

Russia has demonstrably intensified its hybrid and New Generation Warfare tactics across Europe since 2022, targeting NATO members and states supporting Ukraine through cyber attacks, physical sabotage, and airspace incursions. While specific attribution for all incidents remains difficult, Moscow's rhetoric confirms a deliberate campaign to disrupt Western support for Ukraine and test NATO's response to sub-threshold aggression. The full scope and strategic rationale behind this escalation are partially unconfirmed, but a sustained campaign is projected.