Poland's Ex-FM Warns: Army Without Reserves Will Not Fight Long

Former Polish Foreign Minister Jacek Czaputowicz argues in Rzeczpospolita that Poland's suspension of conscription has left its military without a trained reserve, making prolonged conflict unsustainable. He advocates a hybrid model combining a professional core with mass civilian training, warning that the longer the transition is delayed, the costlier it becomes. This is an opinion piece, not a policy change, but it signals growing domestic debate over Poland's defense posture amid regional threats.