Tigray fighting reignites: TPLF and Ethiopian army clash, risking wider war

Fresh clashes between the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) have broken out in Tigray, threatening to reignite the 2020-2022 civil war. The scale and trigger of the fighting are unclear, but it follows a period of fragile peace after the 2022 Pretoria agreement. This escalation could destabilize the Horn of Africa and draw in regional actors, making it a high-stakes development.